Colonoscopy

Colonoscopy is a test used for evaluating:
Large intestine,
The terminal portion of the small intestine.

Technique

  • This procedure is performed under the anaesthesia.
  • In this technique through the anus a colonoscope is inserted to examine the inner structures.
  • A biopsy is recommended in case of any suspicion, or an endotherapy can be done for the bleeding lesions.

Indications for colonoscopy are

Bleeding from the anus
Loose motions with blood in stool
Pain in the lower abdomen
Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) or
ultrasound showing a mass in the colon
Suspicion of ulcers in small bowel

Screening colonoscopy in older individuals (>50 years) for early detection of cancer/premalignant lesions

Therapeutic indication for colonoscopy includes:

Polypectomy
Endotherapy of bleeding ulcers

Stenting of the colon in malignancy associated obstruction